Preparation of Nano-MgO by Hydrothermal Method: A New Breakthrough in Environmentally Friendly Materials
Nano magnesium oxide (MgO) has great application potential in many fields due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. As an efficient nanomaterial preparation technology, hydrothermal method provides a new way to produce high-purity and well-dispersed nano magnesium oxide. This article will explore the application of hydrothermal method in the preparation of nano magnesium oxide and its application prospects in the field of environmentally friendly materials.
Nano magnesium oxide, as a high-performance inorganic non-metallic material, has attracted much attention in the fields of catalysts, environmental governance, biomedicine, etc. due to its unique surface effect, volume effect and quantum size effect. Hydrothermal method, as a solvent thermal treatment process under high temperature and high pressure conditions, has become an effective method for preparing nano magnesium oxide.
Principle of hydrothermal method
The hydrothermal method uses the special physical and chemical properties of solvents under high temperature and high pressure to prepare nano materials through chemical reactions in solution. This method can achieve the preparation of nano materials with high purity and good dispersion at a lower temperature, and has the advantages of environmental friendliness and low energy consumption.
Preparation steps
Reactant preparation: Select a suitable magnesium salt as a precursor, such as magnesium nitrate hexahydrate or magnesium chloride, and prepare an appropriate amount of alkaline solution, such as sodium hydroxide or ammonia water.
Solution preparation: Dissolve the magnesium salt in deionized water to form a solution, and prepare an alkaline solution to adjust the pH value.
Mixing and reaction: Mix the magnesium salt solution and the alkaline solution to form a uniform mixed solution, and then transfer it to an autoclave for reaction.
Heat treatment: Keep the temperature at a set temperature for a period of time to allow the reactants to fully react and generate nano magnesium oxide.
Product treatment: Separate the precipitate by centrifugation or filtration, wash and dry it, and finally obtain nano magnesium oxide powder.
Influencing factors
Temperature and time: Affect the morphology and size of the product. Higher temperature and longer reaction time are conducive to the formation of uniformly dispersed nanoparticles.
pH value: Affects the morphology and dispersibility of the product. Higher pH value is conducive to the formation of spherical or flaky nanostructures.
Precursor type: Different magnesium salt precursors will affect the purity and morphology of the final product.
Additives: Adding an appropriate amount of surfactant or dispersant can improve the dispersibility of the product and prevent agglomeration.
Application prospects
Catalyst: Nano magnesium oxide can be used as a catalyst or catalyst carrier to improve catalytic efficiency.
Environmental governance: Nano magnesium oxide has good adsorption properties and can be used to remove heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, etc. from water.
Biomedicine: In the field of biomedicine, nano magnesium oxide can be used as a drug carrier to improve the targeting and bioavailability of drugs.
Ceramics and electronic materials: Due to its excellent electrical and thermal properties, nano magnesium oxide is also widely used in ceramics, electronic materials and other fields.
The hydrothermal method for preparing nano magnesium oxide is an efficient and environmentally friendly method. By optimizing the reaction conditions, high-purity and well-dispersed nanomaterials can be prepared. This method can not only improve the reaction efficiency, but also control the morphology and size of the product by adjusting the process parameters, and has broad application prospects. Future research will continue to explore new functions and application scenarios of nano magnesium oxide, and promote its application and development in high-tech.